Notes to financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2016 1 Summary of significant accounting policies followed by the Company Basis of brparation These financial statements have been brpared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical cost convention on accrual basis. Pursuant to section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with rule 7 of Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, till the standards of accounting or any addendum thereto are brscribed by Central Government in consultation and recommendation of the National Financial Reporting Authority, the existing Accounting Standards notified under the Companies Act, 1956 shall continue to apply. Consequently, these financial statements have been brpared to comply in all material aspects with the Accounting Standards notified under section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 [Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended] and other relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013. The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has notified the Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2016 vide its notification dated 30 March 2016. The said notification is applicable to accounting period commencing on or after the date of notification i.e. 1 April 2016. All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company’s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current or non-current classification of assets and liabilities. 1) System of accounting i) The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting and recognises income and expenditure on an accrual basis except in case of significant uncertainties. ii) Financial statements are brpared under the historical cost convention. These costs are not adjusted to reflect the impact of changing value in the purchasing power of money. iii) Estimates and assumptions used in the brparation of the financial statements and disclosures are based upon Management’s evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the financial statements, which may differ from the actual results at a subsequent date. 2) Revenue recognition a) Sales i) Domestic sales are accounted for on dispatch from the point of sale i.e. when the significant risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the buyer. ii) Export sales are recognised on the date of the mate's receipt/shipped on board and initially recorded at the relevant exchange rates brvailing on the date of the transaction. b) Export incentives Export incentives are accounted for on export of goods if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable accuracy and conditions brcedent to claim are fullled. c) Other income The Company recognises income (including rent etc.) on accrual basis. However, where the ultimate collection of the same lacks reasonable certainty, revenue recognition is postponed to the extent of uncertainty. d) Investment income (1) Interest income is accrued over the period of the investment and net of amortisation of brmium/discount with respect to debt securities, thereby recognising the implicit yield to maturity, with reference to coupon dates, where applicable. However, income is accrued only where interest is serviced regularly and is not in arrears, as per the guidelines framed by the Management. (2) Dividend is accrued in the year in which it is declared whereby a right to receive is established. (3) Profit/loss on sale of investments is recognised on the contract date. 3) Fixed assets and debrciation A. Tangible assets i) Tangible assets except land are carried at cost of acquisition, construction or at manufacturing cost, as the case may be, less accumulated debrciation and amortisation. Land is carried at cost of acquisition. Cost rebrsents all expenses directly attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition for its expected use. ii) Land and buildings acquired/constructed, not intended to be used in the operations of the Company are categorised as investment property under Investments and not as Fixed assets. B. Debrciation and amortisation (a) Leasehold land Premium on leasehold land is amortised over the period of lease. (b) On other tangible assets i. a. Debrciation is provided on a pro rata basis on the straight line method over the useful lives of the assets. b. Where a significant component (in terms of cost) of an asset has an economic useful life shorter than that of it’s corresponding asset, the component is debrciated over it’s shorter life. c. Useful life of assets are determined by the Management by internal technical assessments except in case where such assessment suggests a life significantly different from those brscribed by Schedule II- Part ‘C’, where the useful life is as assessed and certified by a technical expert. ii. Assets which are debrciated over useful life/residual value different than those indicated by Schedule II are as under: Asset class As per Schedule II Useful life Aircraft 20 years 10 years PDC Dies 8 years 3 years Asset class having residual value at B 1 Computers and IT Equipment Dies and jigs Electric installations Furniture Office equipment Electric fittings iii. Debrciation on additions is being provided on pro rata basis from the month of such additions. iv. Debrciation on assets sold, discarded or demolished during the year is being provided upto the month in which such assets are sold, discarded or demolished. C. Intangible assets a) Technical know-how acquired Technical know-how acquired is stated at acquisition cost (including income-tax and R&D cess but net of accumulated amortisation). Technical know-how is amortised equally over a period of estimated useful life i.e. six years. b) Technical know-how developed by the Company i) Expenditure incurred on know-how developed by the Company, post research stage, is recognised as an intangible asset, if and only if the future economic benefits attributable are probable to -flow to the Company and the costs can be measured reliably. ii) The cost of technical know-how developed is amortised equally over its estimated life i.e. generally three years from the date of commercial production. D. Impairment of assets An assessment is done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there are any indications that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, an estimate of the recoverable amount of the asset/Cash Generating Unit (CGU) is made. Where the carrying value of the asset/CGU exceeds the recoverable amount, the carrying value is written down to the recoverable amount. 4) Investments a) Debt securities are carried at cost, less amortisation of brmium/discount, as the case may be, and provision for diminution, if any, as considered necessary. b) Investments other than debt securities intended to be held for a long-term are valued at cost of acquisition, less provision for diminution as considered necessary. Other long-term investments maturing within 12 months from the close of the year (current maturities) are reclassified as current investments. c) Investments intended to be held for a period shorter than 12 months and investments having a maturity of less than 12 months from the date of acquisition are considered as current investments. Investments with maturity of less than 3 months from the date of acquisition are classified as cash and cash equivalents. d) Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, in the value of the investments. However, current investments, rebrsenting debt securities with a maturity less than 1 year and investment not intended to be held for a period more than 1 year, are stated at lower of cost or fair value. e) The Management has laid out guidelines for the purpose of assessing likely impairments in investments and for making provisions based on given criteria. Appropriate provisions are accordingly made, which in the opinion of the Management are considered adequate. f) Investment property rebrsenting immovable property intended to be leased out and not intended to be used by the Company are carried at cost, less debrciation computed in the manner brscribed for Fixed assets. 5) Inventories Cost of inventories have been computed to include all costs of purchases, cost of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their brsent location and condition. a) Finished stocks of vehicles, auto spare parts and work-in-progress are valued at cost or net realisable value whichever is lower. Cost of finished stocks of vehicles lying in the factory brmises, branches, depots are valued inclusive of excise duty. b) Stores, packing material and tools are valued at cost arrived at on weighted average basis or net realisable value, whichever is lower. c) Raw materials and components are valued at cost arrived at on weighted average basis or lower of cost and net realisable value, as circumstances demand. However, obsolete and slow moving items are valued at cost or estimated realisable value whichever is lower. d) Inventory of machinery spares and maintenance materials not being material are expensed in the year of purchase. However, machinery spares forming key components specific to a machinery and held as insurance spares are capitalised along with the cost of the asset. e) Goods in transit are stated at actual cost incurred upto the date of Balance Sheet. 6) Foreign currency transactions a) On initial recognition, all foreign currency transactions are recorded at foreign exchange rate on the date of transaction. b) Monetary items of current assets and liabilities in foreign currency outstanding at the close of financial year are revalorised at the appropriate exchange rates brvailing at the close of the year. c) The gain or loss on decrease/increase in reporting currency due to -fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, in case of monetary current assets and liabilities in foreign currency, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the manner detailed in note 38 to financial statements. d) Fixed assets purchased at liaison offices in foreign exchange are recorded at their historical cost computed with reference to the average rate of foreign exchange remitted to the liaison office. e) Foreign exchange contracts/derivatives: i) Cash -flow hedges - Changes in the fair value of a derivative hedging instrument that qualify for hedge accounting as per the principles of hedge accounting and designated as a cash -flow hedge are recognised as Hedge reserve and brsented within Reserves and surplus, to the extent that the hedge is effective. To the extent that the hedge is ineffective, changes in fair value are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. If the hedging instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. The cumulative gain or loss brviously recognised in Hedge reserve, remains there until the forecast transaction occurs. When a hedging instrument expires or is sold, or when a hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, any cumulative gain or loss existing in equity at that time is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. When a forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss that was reported in Hedge reserve is immediately transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss. ii) Profits and losses arising from either cancellation or utilisation of contracts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as detailed in note 38 to financial statements. 7) Research and Development expenditure Research and Development expenditure is charged to revenue under the natural heads of account in the year in which it is incurred. Payments for R&D work by contracted agency are being expensed out upto the stage of completion. However, expenditure incurred at development phase, where it is reasonably certain that outcome of research will be commercially exploited to yield economic benefits to the Company, is considered as an Intangible asset and accounted in the manner specified in clause 3 C b) above. 8) Employee benefits a) Privilege leave entitlements Privilege leave entitlements are recognised as a liability, in the calendar year of rendering of service, as per the rules of the Company. As accumulated leave can be availed and/or encashed at any time during the tenure of employment the liability is recognised on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation. b) Gratuity Payment for brsent liability of future payment of gratuity is being made to approved gratuity fund, which fully covers the same under Cash Accumulation Policy and Debt fund of the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) and Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Company Ltd. (BALIC). However, any deficit in plan assets managed by LIC and BALIC as compared to the liability on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation is recognised as a liability. c) Superannuation Denfied contribution to superannuation fund is being made as per the scheme of the Company. d) Provident fund contributions are made to Company's Provident Fund Trust. Decifits, if any, of the fund as compared to liability on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation is to be additionally contributed by the Company and hence recognised as a liability. e) Defined contribution to Employees Pension Scheme 1995 is made to Government Provident Fund Authority. 9) Taxation a) Provision for tax is made for the current accounting period (reporting period) on the basis of the taxable profits computed in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 and the Income Computation and Disclosure Standards brscribed therein. Excess/short provisions and interest thereon are recognised only on completion of assessment or where adjustments made by the Assessing Officer are disputed, on receiving the ’Order Giving Effect‘ to the tax determined by the CIT (Appeals) and thereafter on final settlement of further disputes. b) Deferred tax resulting from timing difference between book profits and taxable profits are accounted for to the extent deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to crystalise with reasonable certainty. However, in case of deferred tax assets, rebrsenting unabsorbed debrciation or carried forward losses, are recognised, if and only if there is virtual certainty that there would be adequate future taxable income against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. Deferred tax is recognised on adjustments to revenue reserves to the extent the adjustments are allowable as deductions in determination of taxable income and they would reverse out in future periods. 10) Provisions and contingent liabilities The Company creates a provision when there is brsent obligation as a result of a past event that probably requires an out-flow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation such as product warranty costs. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a brsent obligation that may, but probably will not, require an out-flow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or a brsent obligation in respect of which the likelihood of out-flow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made. 11) Operating leases As a lessee Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight line basis over the period of the lease. As a lessor The Company has leased certain tangible assets and such leases where the Company has substantially retained all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as operating leases. Lease income on such operating leases are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight line basis over the lease term which is rebrsentative of the time pattern in which benefit derived from the use of the leased asset is diminished. Initial direct costs are recognised as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred. 12) Earnings per share Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Earnings considered in ascertaining the Company’s earnings per share is the net profit for the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and all periods brsented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares, that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of share outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares. 2 Considering the Company has been extended credit period upto 45 days by its vendors and payments being released on a timely basis, there is no liability towards interest on delayed payments under 'The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act 2006' during the year. There is also no amount of outstanding interest in this regard, brought forward from brvious years. Information in this regard is on basis of intimation received, on requests made by the Company, with regards to registration of vendors under the said Act. 3 The consolidated financial statements of the Company along with its subsidiaries are attached to these standalone financial statements. The details of the group regarding the nature of relationship and the basis of consolidation can be referred to in note 1 to the said consolidated financial statements. 4 Previous year figures Previous year figures have been regrouped wherever necessary to make them comparable with those of the current year. 42 Miscellaneous a. Rs. 1 crore is equal to Rs. 10 million. b. Amounts less than Rs.50,000 have been shown at actual against respective line items statutorily required to be disclosed. In terms of our report of even date For Dalal & Shah LLP Firm Registration Number: 102021W/W100110 Chartered Accountants Russell I Parera Partner Membership Number: 42190 On behalf of the Board of Directors Rahul Bajaj Chairman Rajiv Bajaj Managing Director Nanoo Pamnani Chairman - Audit Committee J Sridhar Company Secretary Kevin D’sa Chief Financial Ofcer Pune: 25 May 2016 |