NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note:1 BASIS OF brPARATION The financial statements of the Company have been brpared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP).The financial statements have been brpared to comply in all material respects with the accounting standards brscribed under the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014. The financial statements have been brpared on an accrual basis and under the historical cost convention. The accounting policies adopted in the brparation of financial statements are consistent with those of brvious year. Note:2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 2.1 Use of Estimates The brparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based upon management's best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from these estimates. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized. 2.2 Revenue Recognition Sale of Goods Revenue is recognized to the extent it is probable, that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. (i) Revenue is recognized in respect of export sales on the basis of shipment of goods to customer and in respect of domestic sales on dispatch from factory. Quality rebates, claims and other discounts are disclosed separately. (ii) Domestic Sales includes excise duty. However, excise duty on sales is reduced from gross turnover for disclosing net turnover. (iii) Power generated at the power plants is primarily consumed by the manufacturing units and excess power is sold to SEBs/IEX which is included in the sales as below: i) Power generated at Thermal Power unit at Mandideep is transferred to Graphite unit at MPEB rate. ii) Excess power generated is sold to SEB's at rate stipulated by SEB's and/or IEX at Market Rate. iv) Inter-divisional sales comprising of sale of power from power plants to Graphite unit is reduced from revenue from operations in deriving net revenue. v) Income and Export Incentives / benefits are accounted for on accrual basis and as per principles given under AS-9 - Revenue Recognition. vi) Power generated from Hydel Plant at TAWA is sold to SEB/ IEX at the brvailing rates. Entitlement to Renewal Energy Certificates owing to generation of power are recognized to the extent sold at actual rate of net realization. Dividends Revenue in respect of dividends is recognised when the shareholders' right to receive payment is established by the balance sheet date. 2.3 Inventories i) Finished goods and work-in-progress are valued at lower of historical cost or net realizable value. Cost of inventories comprises of cost of purchase, cost of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing them to their respective brsent location and conditon. By-products are valued at net realisable value. Cost is determined on a weighted average basis. ii) Stores, Spares and Raw Materials are valued at lower of historical cost or net realisable value. However materials & other items held for use in the production of inventories are not written below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. iii) Cost is determined on the basis of weighted average method. iv) Obsolete stocks are identified every year on the basis of technical evaluation and are charged off to revenue. v) Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale. 2.4 Investments Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than a year are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments. Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value. Long-term investments are carried at cost individually. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognise a decline other than temporary in the value of the investments in case of long term investments. 2.5 Fixed & Intangible Assets Fixed Assets Fixed assets are stated at historical cost less accumulated debrciation and impairment loss if any. Historical cost comprises the purchase price (net of CENVAT / duty credits wherever applicable) and all direct costs attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition for intended use. Intangible Assets Capital expenditure on purchase and development of identifiable assets without physical substance is recognized as Intangible Assets in accordance with principles given under AS-26 - Intangible Assets. These are grouped and separately shown under the schedule of Fixed Assets. 2.6 Expenses Incurred During Construction Period Preliminary project expenditure, capital expenditure, indirect expenditure incidental and related to construction / implementation, interest on borrowings to finance fixed assets and expenditure on start-up / commissioning of assets forming part of a composite project are capitalized upto the date of commissioning of the project as the cost of respective assets. (iv) Assets costing upto Rs.5,000 are fully debrciated in the year of purchase. (v) Intangible assets are amortised over a period of 3-5 years on a straight line basis. 2.8 Impairment of Assets Assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (i.e. cash generating units). For the purpose of assessing impairment at each Balance Sheet date, Assets within a Cash Generating Unit are reviewed for impairment wherever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount at which the assets under individual Cash Generating Unit are carried in the books exceeds its recoverable amount being the higher of the assets net selling price and its value in use. Value in use is based on the brsent value of the estimated future cash flows relating to the assets. Previously recognized impairment losses, relating to assets other than goodwill, are reversed where the recoverable amount increases because of favourable changes in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount since the last impairment was recognized. A reversal of an asset impairment loss is limited to its carrying amount that would have been determined (net of debrciation or amortization) had no impairment loss been recognized in prior years. 2.9 Foreign Exchange Transactions/Translation a) 1. Export and Import transactions are accounted for at the brvailing conversion rates. 2. Monetary items denominated in foreign currencies (except financial instruments designated as Hedging Instruments) and outstanding at the year end are translated at year end conversion rates. 3. Any income or expense on account of exchange difference either on settlement or on translation is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. 4. The Company has opted to avail the choice provided under paragarph 46A of AS11: The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates inserted vide notification No GSR 914(E) dated December 29,2011 issued by the Ministry of Corporate affairs. Consequently,the following exchange differences on long term foreign currency monetary items,which were until now being recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss are now being dealt with in the following manner: • Foreign exchange difference on acquisition of a debrciable asset, is adjusted in the cost of the debrciable asset, which would be debrciated over the balance life of the asset. • In other cases, the foreign exchange difference is accumulated in a Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account, and amortised over the balance period of such long term asset/ liability. b) Pursuant to The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) announcement "Accounting for Derivatives" on the early adoption of Accounting Standard AS 30 "Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement", the Company had early adopted the AS-30 in earlier financial years, to the extent that such adoption does not conflict with existing mandatory Accounting Standards and other authoritative pronouncements, Company law and other regulatory requirements. The Company uses various financial instruments to hedge its exposure to movements in foreign exchange rates. A financial instrument is designated as an effective hedge after the management objectively evaluates at the inception of each contract as to whether the instrument is effective in offsetting the cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. The same evaluation is carried out at the end of each reporting period. In the absence of such hedge being identified or being continued to be identified as an effective hedge, the value thereof is taken to Statement of Profit & Loss. Exchange differences relating to cash flow hedge are accumulated in a hedging reserve account. Amounts from hedging reserve account are transferred to Statement of Profit & Loss when (a) the forecast transaction materializes, (b) the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised (except for the replacement or rollover of a hedging instrument into another hedging instrument where such replacement or rollover is part of the Company's hedging strategy), (c) the hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting in AS-30, (d) the Company revokes the designation. Hedge effectiveness of financial instruments designated as Hedging instruments is evaluated at the end of each financial reporting Period. 2.10 Research and Development Revenue expenditure on research and development including salaries, consumables and power & fuel is charged to Statement of Profit and Loss under respective heads of expenditure. Capital expenditure is shown as addition to fixed assets. 2.11 Employee Benefits Expenses and liabilities in respect of employee benefits are recorded in accordance with Accounting Standard 15 - Employee Benefits. (i) Provident Fund & ESI The Company makes contribution to Statutory Provident Fund and Employee State Insurance in accordance with Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 and Employee State Insurance Act, 1948 which is a defined contribution plan and contribution paid or payable is recognized as an expense in the period in which services are rendered by the employee. (ii) Gratuity Gratuity is a post employment benefit and is in the nature of a defined benefit plan. The liability recognised in the balanc e sheet in respect of gratuity is the brsent value of the defined benefit/obligation at the balance sheet date less the fair value of plan assets, together with adjustment for unrecognized actuarial gains or losses and past service costs. The defined benefit/obligation is calculated at or near the balance sheet date by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. Actuarial gains and losses arising from past experience and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited to the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period in which they occur. (iii) Compensated Absences Liability in respect of compensated absence becoming due or expected after the balance sheet date is estimated on the basis of an actuarial valuation performed by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. (iv) Superannuation Benefit The Company makes contribution to superannuation fund which is a post employment benefit in the nature of a defined contribution plan & contribution paid or payable is recognized as an expense in the period in which services are rendered by the employee. (v) Other Short Term Benefits Expense in respect of other short term benefits is recognised on the basis of the amount paid or payable for the period during which services are rendered by the employee. 2.12 Leases Where the Company is the lessee Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of the ownership of the leased item, are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Where the Company is the lessor Assets subject to operating leases are included in fixed assets. Lease income is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Costs, including debrciation are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Initial direct costs such as legal costs, brokerage costs, etc. are recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss. 2.13 Segment accounting & reporting Identification of Segments The Company's operating businesses are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products manufactured and services provided, with each segment rebrsenting a strategic business unit that offers different products. Allocation of Common Costs Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment on reasonable basis. Unallocated Items Unallocable assets and liabilities rebrsent the assets and liabilities not allocable to any segment as identified as per the Accounting Standard. Segment Policies The Company brpares its segment information in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for brparing and brsenting the financial statements of the Company as a whole. 2.14 Taxes On Income Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax. Provision for Current Tax is made in accordance with the provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961. In accordance with Accounting Standard AS-22 'Accounting for Taxes on Income' as notified by Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 Deferred Tax Liability/ Asset arising from timing differences between book and income tax profits is accounted for at the current rate of tax to the extent these differences are expected to crystallize in later years. However, deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is a reasonable/ virtual certainty of realization thereof. Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. MAT credit is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. In the year in which the Minimum Alternative tax (MAT) credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an asset in accordance with the recommendations contained in Guidance Note issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Statement of Profit and Loss and shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each balance sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified period. 2.15 Government grants & subsidies Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant/subsidy will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with. When the grant or subsidy relates to an expense item, it is recognized as income over the periods necessary to match them on a systematic basis to the costs, which it is intended to compensate. Where the grant or subsidy relates to an asset, its value is deducted from the gross value of the asset concerned in arriving at the carrying amount of the related asset. 2.16 Borrowing Cost Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds. 2.17 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets A provision is recognized when there is a brsent obligation as a result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of obligation. A contingent liability is recognized for: (i) a brsent obligation that arises from past events but is not recognized as a provision because either the possibility that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation is remote or a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation cannot be made; and (ii) a possible obligation that arises from past events and the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company. Contingent assets are neither accounted for nor disclosed in the financial statements. 2.18 Earning Per Share Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting brference dividends and attributable taxes) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Partly paid equity shares are treated as a fraction of an equity share to the extent that they were entitled to participate in dividends relative to a fully paid equity share during the reporting period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for events of bonus issue, bonus element in a rights issue to existing shareholders, share split and reverse share split (consolidation of shares). For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares. 2.19 Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less Note: 1 Previous year figures have been regrouped/reclassified, wherever necessary to conform to current year classification. Signed in terms of our report of even date For Doogar & Associates Chartered Accountants Firm Regn. No. 000561N Mukesh Goyal Partner Membership No. 081810 For S.S. Kothari Mehta & Co. Chartered Accountants Firm Regn. No. 000756N Sunil Wahal Partner Membership No. 087294 Place : Noida (U.P.) Date : 14th May, 2015 |