STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES I. BASIS OF ACCOUNTING: The Financial Statements have been brpared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical cost convention on accrual basis. Pursuant to Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, till the standards of accounting or any addendum thereto are brscribed by Central Government in consultation and recommendation of the National Financial Reporting Authority, the existing Accounting Standards notified under the Companies Act, 1956 will continue to apply. The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has notified the Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2016 vide its notification dated March 30, 2016. The said notification read with Rule 3(2) of the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 is applicable to accounting period commencing on or after the date of notification i.e. 1 April 2016. Consequently, the Financial Statements have been brpared to comply in all material aspects with the Accounting Standard notified under Section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956, Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended and other relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013. All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current or non-current classification of assets and liabilities. SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING: i) The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting and recognises income and expenditure on an accrual basis except in case of significant uncertainties. ii) Financial statements are brpared under the historical cost convention. These costs are not adjusted to reflect the impact of changing value in the purchasing power of money. iii) Estimates and assumptions used in the brparation of the financial statements and disclosures are based upon management's evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the financial statements, which may differ from the actual results at a subsequent date. REVENUE RECOGNITION: a) Revenue/Income and Cost/Expenditure are generally accounted for on accrual basis as they are earned or incurred, except in case of significant uncertainties. However, where the ultimate collection of the same lacks reasonable certainty revenue recognition is postponed to extent of uncertainty. b) Sale of goods is recognised on transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership which is generally on the despatch of goods and are recognised net of discounts, rebates and sales tax. Export sales are accounted for on the basis of the dates of 'On board bill of lading'. c) Export Benefits are recognised in the year of export. d) Income from lease of property : Lease Income from operating lease is recognised in the statement of profit and loss on straight line over term of lease. FIXED ASSETS AND DEbrCIATION / AMORTISATION: A) TANGIBLE ASSETS: Tangible assets are carried at cost of acquisition or construction, less accumulated debrciation, amortisation and impairment. Losses arising from the retirement of and gains or losses arising from disposal of fixed assets are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. B) DEbrCIATION / AMORTISATION: a) LEASEHOLD LAND: Cost of leasehold land is amortised over the lease period. b) OTHER TANGIBLE ASSETS: i) Improvements to leased brmises are amortised over the period of the lease / charged off on brmature termination of lease. ii) Debrciation is provided on a pro rata basis on the straight line method over the useful lives of the assets in the manner brscribed by Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013. iii) Significant components of assets / plants having a life shorter than the corresponding asset / plant are independently debrciated over the shorter life. iv) a. Useful life of assets / component of assets are determined by the Management by internal technical assessments except in case where such assessment suggests a life significantly different from those brscribed by Schedule II- Part 'C', where the useful life is as assessed and certified by a technical expert. C) INTANGIBLE ASSETS: Intangible assets rebrsenting cost of software capitalised is amortised over its useful life which is estimated to be a period of five years. D) IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS : The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date. If there is any indication of impairment based on internal / external factors, i.e. when the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the recoverable amount, an impairment loss is charged to the Profit and Loss Account in the year in which an asset is identified as impaired. An impairment loss recognised in prior accounting periods is reversed or reduced if there has been a favourable change in the estimate of the recoverable amount. V. INVESTMENTS: Investments made by the Company are, generally, of a long-term nature and are stated at cost. A provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, in the value of long term investments. However, current investments, rebrsenting securities with a maturity less than 1 year and investment not intended to be held for a period more than 1 year, are stated at lower of cost and fair value. Investment property rebrsenting immovable property intended to be leased out and not intended to be substantially used by the Company are carried at cost less debrciation (computed in the manner brscribed for Fixed assets) and impairment. VI. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATIONS: All transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the rates of exchange brvailing on the dates when the relevant transactions take place. Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currency, outstanding at the close of the year, are converted into Indian currency at the appropriate rates of exchange brvailing on the date of the Balance Sheet. The resultant gain or loss, except to the extent it relates to long term monetary items, is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Such gain or loss relating to long term monetary items for financing acquisition of debrciable capital assets, is adjusted to the acquisition cost of such asset and debrciated over its remaining useful life. In respect of forward exchange contracts entered into to hedge foreign currency risks of existing assets and liabilities, the difference between the forward rate and exchange rate at the inception of the contract is recognised as income or expense over the life of the contract. Further, the exchange differences arising on such contracts are recognised as income or expense along with the exchange differences on the underlying assets / liabilities. Profit or loss on cancellations / renewals of forward contracts is recognised during the year. Forward exchange contracts outstanding as at the year end on account of firm commitment / highly probable forecast transactions are marked to market and the losses, if any, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss and gains are ignored in accordance with the Announcement of Institute of Chartered Accountants of India on 'Accounting for Derivatives' issued in March, 2008. VII. INVENTORY VALUATION: a) Raw materials, work-in-progress, finished goods, goods for trade and stores, spares, etc. are valued at cost or net realisable value, whichever is lower. Materials and supplies held for use in production of finished goods are not written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. b) Goods in transit are valued at cost to date. c) 'Cost' comprises all costs of purchase, costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventory to the brsent location and condition. The cost formulae used is either 'first in first out', or 'specific identification', or the 'average cost', as applicable. d) Due allowances are made for obsolete inventory based on technical estimates made by the Company. e) Inter-divisional transfers are valued, either at works/factory costs of the transferor unit/division, plus transport and other charges. VIII.EMPLOYEE BENEFITS: a) Short term employee benefits are recognised as expenses at the undiscounted amounts in the Statement of Profit and Loss of the year in which the related service is rendered. b) Post employment benefits i. Defined contribution plans: The Company's contribution to the superannuation scheme, state governed provident fund scheme, etc. are recognised during the year in which the related service is rendered. ii. Defined benefit plans: - Gratuity The brsent value of the obligation is determined based on an actuarial valuation, using the Projected Unit Credit Method. Actuarial gains and losses arising on such valuation are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The fair value of the plan assets of the Trust administered by the Company, is reduced from the gross obligation under the defined benefit plan, to recognise the obligation on a net basis. - Provident Fund For certain employees, monthly contributions are made to a Trust administered by the Company. The interest rate payable by the Trust to the beneficiaries is notified by the Government. The Company has an obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, between the return on investments of the Trust and the notified interest rate. c) Long term compensated absences are provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation. d) Termination Benefits Termination benefit falling due more than 12 months after the balance sheet date are discounted by reference to market yields at the balance sheet date on government bond. Other Termination benefits are recognised as and when incurred. IX. GOVERNMENT GRANTS: Grants received against specific fixed assets are adjusted to the cost of the assets. Revenue grants are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in accordance with the related scheme and in the period in which these are accrued. X. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT : Revenue expenditure, including overheads, on research and development, is charged as an expense through the natural heads of account in the year in which incurred. Expenditure which results in the creation of capital assets is capitalised and debrciation is provided on such assets as applicable. XI. BORROWING COSTS: Interest and other borrowing costs attributable to qualifying assets, are added to the cost of the qualifying asset, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use. Qualifying assets are those that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use. Front end fees are amortised over the period of the related borrowing but not exceeding the period of five years. Other interest and borrowing costs are charged to revenue. XII. brMISES TAKEN ON LEASE: Rentals for brmises taken on lease are recognised as an expense on a straight line basis over the lease term, unless another systematic basis is more rebrsentative of the time pattern of the Company's benefit. XIII. TAXATION: Income-tax expense comprises current tax and deferred tax charge or credit. Provision for current tax is made on the assessable income at the tax rate applicable to the relevant assessment year. The deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability is calculated by applying the tax rate and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets arising mainly on account of brought forward losses and unabsorbed debrciation under tax laws, are recognised only if there is a virtual certainty of their realisation, supported by convincing evidence. However such deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent there is adequate deferred tax liability reversing out in future periods. Deferred tax Assets on account of other timing differences are recognised, only to the extent there is a reasonable certainty of its realisation. At each Balance Sheet date, the carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed to obtain reassurance as to realisation. Minimum Alternative Tax credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is evidence that the Company will pay normal tax during the specified period. XIV. PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS : Provisions involving a substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognised when there is a brsent obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources. A provision is not discounted to its brsent value and is determined based on the last estimate required to settle an obligation at the year end. These are reviewed every year end and adjusted to reflect the best current estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognised but are disclosed in the financial statements. Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed in the financial statements. XV. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS : In the cash flow statement cash and cash equivalent includes cash in hand, demand deposit with banks, other short highly liquid investment with original maturity of three month or less. |